Nitrocellulose was used as the first flexible film base, beginning with Eastman Kodak products in August 1889.
Camphor is used as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose film, often called nitrate film. The glucose repeat unit (anhydroglucose) within the cellulose chain has three OH groups, each of which can form a nitrate ester. The yields are about 85%, with losses attributed to complete oxidation of the cellulose to oxalic acid.
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